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81.
JiangBinXIA FuYouLI ShuMingYANG ChunHuiHUANG 《中国化学快报》2004,15(5):619-622
Composite nanoporous electrode SnO2/TiO2 was fabricated for the dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with N3 (Cis-Ru). After introducing of TiO2, the open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) was higher than that of the pure SnO2 electrode, while short-circuit photocurrent (Isc) was varied with the ratio of the TiO2. Appropriate content of the TiO2 can be beneficial to the efficiency of the solar cell, and it gives negative impact on the composite electrode when the content of TiO2 is higher. 相似文献
82.
Layer by layer buildup of polysaccharide films: physical chemistry and cellular adhesion aspects 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Richert L Lavalle P Payan E Shu XZ Prestwich GD Stoltz JF Schaaf P Voegel JC Picart C 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2004,20(2):448-458
The formation ofpolysaccharide films based on the alternate deposition of chitosan (CHI) and hyaluronan (HA) was investigated by several techniques. The multilayer buildup takes place in two stages: during the first stage, the surface is covered by isolated islets that grow and coalesce as the construction goes on. After several deposition steps, a continuous film is formed and the second stage of the buildup process takes place. The whole process is characterized by an exponential increase of the mass and thickness of the film with the number of deposition steps. This exponential growth mechanism is related to the ability of the polycation to diffuse "in" and "out" of the whole film at each deposition step. Using confocal laser microscopy and fluorescently labeled CHI, we show that such a diffusion behavior, already observed with poly(L-lysine) as a polycation, is also found with CHI, a polycation presenting a large persistence length. We also analyze the effect of the molecular weight (MW) of the diffusing polyelectrolyte (CHI) on the buildup process and observe a faster growth for low MW chitosan. The influence of the salt concentration during buildup is also investigated. Whereas the CHI/HA films grow rapidly at high salt concentration (0.15 M NaCl) with the formation of a uniform film after only a few deposition steps, it is very difficult to build the film at 10(-4) M NaCl. In this latter case, the deposited mass increases linearly with the number of deposition steps and the first deposition stage, where the surface is covered by islets, lasts at least up to 50 bilayer deposition steps. However, even at these low salt concentrations and in the islet configuration, CHI chains seem to diffuse in and out of the CHI/HA complexes. The linear mass increase of the film with the number of deposition steps despite the CHI diffusion is explained by a partial redissolution of the CHI/HA complexes forming the film during different steps of the buildup process. Finally, the uniform films built at high salt concentrations were also found to be chondrocyte resistant and, more interestingly, bacterial resistant. Therefore, the (CHI/HA) films may be used as an antimicrobial coating. 相似文献
83.
This
study discussed the phenomena on thermal polymerization of α-methylstyrene
(AMS). A curve scanned by temperature-programmed technique was performed by
differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Heat of polymerization (ΔH) and onset temperature of exothermic (T0) behavior were determined
to be 280±10 J g-1 and about 138±1°C,
respectively. A dimer formation mechanism was proposed for initiation of the
propagating chain. Spectroscopic identification of dimer structure was conducted
by infrared (IR) spectroscopy in the wavenumber from 650 to 1100 cm-1associated
with molecular fingerprint characteristics. The mechanism of thermal polymerization
on α-methylstyrene proposed in this study was similar to that of styrene
suggested by Mayo. 相似文献
84.
R.-L. Yun Y.-M. Chang C.-H. Lin K.-H. Hu C.-M. Shu 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2006,85(1):107-113
In industrial processes, information
on the safety property of chemicals is essentially crucial for safe handling
during unit operations. Ensuring the safe use of combustible or flammable
substances in processes is unlikely without detailed investigations of their
flammability characteristics and related hazards. We studied 3-methyl pyridine
(3-picoline), e.g., flammability limits (LFL/UFL), maximum explosion pressure
(P
max), maximum
explosion pressure rise (dP/dt)max, minimum oxygen concentration
(MOC), vapor deflagration index (K
g),
and characterized the influence of inert steam (H2O)
on critical parameters for 3-picoline/water mixtures at 270°C, 1 atm,
various oxygen concentrations, and vapor mixing ratios (100/0, 30/70, 10/90
and 5/95 vol.%) with a 20-L-Apparatus in simulated conditions, respectively.
The results showed that the flammability characteristics
of 3-picoline(aq) all increased with the oxygen concentration.
However, as the composition of inert steam increased, the flammability parameters
and the degree of fire and explosion hazards were significantly reduced, instead.
This study elucidated the flammability properties of 3-picoline mixed with
inert steam. The conclusions could be applied to proactively prevent the relevant
processes from incurring fire and explosion accidents. 相似文献
85.
A series of new complexes of formula Ln(acac)_s(Ph_3PO)_3 (where Ln~(3+)=Nd~(3+), Sm~(3+), Eu~(3+), Tb~(3+), Ho~(3+)) have been prepared and characterized. The coordination of two ligands with lanthanide ions are studied by IR spectra, ~1H, ~(13)C, ~(31)P-NMR and metal-ligand charge tranafer tranaition is also discussed via electronic adaorption and luminescence spectroscopy. 相似文献
86.
This research applies semiconductor photocatalysts, which are formed by metal ion exchange on the surface of kaolinite catalyst with cations, to the study of photocatalytic degradation of 4‐chlorophenol. The analysis results of catalyst properties shows that, after sintering at 400 °C, kaolinite catalyst has a particle size of between 10–100 nm indicating the nano level of synthesized catalysts. Under the same condition, kaolinite‐Ag/Zn catalyst works better in degradation efficiency than single kaolinite‐Ag and kaolinite‐Zn catalysts. Kaolinite‐Zn catalyst declines in degradation efficacy after 150 minutes and performs poorer than the other three types of kaolinite catalysts. In the experiments of different amounts of catalysts, when the concentration exceeds 0.1 wt%, utilization of light energy and degradation efficiency will be reduced due to shielding effect. When at different pH values, the higher the pH value, the more OH‐will be released and that is beneficial for reaction with substances and the increase of reaction rate. Finally multivariate analysis proves that there is one determining factor that influences the photocatalytic degradation of 4‐chlorophenol in kaolinite catalysts, named as “the factor with intermediates competition degree,” the one affecting the 4‐CP degradation at different weight percentages that is referred to as the “shielding effect factor.” 相似文献
87.
Three-component reactions of aldehydes, ammonia, and allylboronates were found to provide homoallylic primary amines in high yields with high chemo- and stereoselectivities. A two-step, one-pot, stereoselective synthesis of an uncommon alpha-amino acid, alloisoleucine, was achieved utilizing this reaction. 相似文献
88.
InteractionbetweenMetalinMetalloEnzymeandSmallBiologicalMolecules¥HuJie-Han;ShuZan-Yong;TaoLi-Mei;ChengGuo-Bao(DalianInstitut... 相似文献
89.
90.
建立火焰原子吸收光谱法测定天然气转化催化剂中氧化钾的分析方法。该方法将催化剂样品和助溶剂四硼酸锂熔融后再用盐酸溶解定容,采用火焰原子吸收光谱仪对样品溶液进行测定。在优化的实验条件下,钾离子的质量浓度在0.05~0.50 mg/L范围内与吸光度呈良好线性关系,相关系数为0.9995。钾的方法检出限为0.001 mg/L,定量限为0.01 mg/L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.6%~4.3%(n=6),样品加标回收率为97.8%~102.3%。与HG/T 3543-2014中的酸溶制样法相比,该方法能够将催化剂样品中的难溶钾盐溶出,分析结果准确度更高,可用于天然气转化催化剂中氧化钾含量的测定。 相似文献